Diketene is an organic compound with the molecular formula C4H4O2, and which is sometimes written as (CH2CO)2. It is formed by dimerization of ketene, H2C=C=O. Diketene is a member of the oxetane family. It is used as a reagent in organic chemistry. Wikipedia
×Note: Special provisions may be very complex. The extracts are taken from 49 CFR §172.102. Please be careful with the information, as necessary, additional conditions may be applied that are not written here. Please check the original source and report bugs.
This material is poisonous by inhalation (see §171.8) in Hazard Zone B (see §173.116 or §173.133), and must be described as an inhalation hazard under the provisions of this subchapter.
When materials are stabilized by temperature control, the provisions of §173.21 apply. When chemical stabilization is employed, the person offering the material for transport shall ensure that the level of stabilization is sufficient to prevent the material as packaged from dangerous polymerization at 50 °C (122 °F). If chemical stabilization becomes ineffective at lower temperatures within the anticipated duration of transport, temperature control is required in which case transportation is forbidden by aircraft. In making this determination factors to be taken into consideration include, but are not limited to, the capacity and geometry of the packaging and the effect of any insulation present; the temperature of the material when offered for transport; the duration of the journey and the ambient temperature conditions typically encountered in the journey (considering also the season of year); the effectiveness and other properties of the stabilizer employed; applicable operational controls imposed by regulation (e.g., requirements to protect from sources of heat, including other cargo carried at a temperature above ambient); and any other relevant factors.
Each bulk packaging, except a tank car or a multi-unit-tank car tank, must be insulated with an insulating material so that the overall thermal conductance at 15.5 °C (60 °F) is no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour per square foot per degree Fahrenheit) temperature differential. Insulating materials must not promote corrosion to steel when wet.
MC 312, MC 330, MC 331, DOT 412 cargo tanks and DOT 51 portable tanks must be made of stainless steel, except that steel other than stainless steel may be used in accordance with the provisions of §173.24b. Thickness of stainless steel for tank shell and heads for cargo tanks and portable tanks must be the greater of 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) or the thickness required for a tank with a design pressure at least equal to 1.3 times the vapor pressure of the lading at 46 °C (115 °F). In addition, MC 312 and DOT 412 cargo tank motor vehicles must: a. Be ASME Code (U) stamped for 100% radiography of all pressure-retaining welds; b. Have accident damage protection which conforms with §178.345-8; c. Have a MAWP or design pressure of at least 87 psig; and d. Have a bolted manway cover.
a. The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: Where: tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling, and α is the mean coefficient of cubical expansion of the liquid between the mean temperature of the liquid during filling (tf) and the maximum mean bulk temperature during transportation (tr) both in degrees celsius. b. For liquids transported under ambient conditions α may be calculated using the formula: Where: d15 and d50 are the densities (in units of mass per unit volume) of the liquid at 15 °C (59 °F) and 50 °C (122 °F), respectively.
Each portable tank must be insulated with an insulating material so that the overall thermal conductance at 15.5 °C (60 °F) is no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour per square foot per degree Fahrenheit) temperature differential. Insulating materials may not promote corrosion to steel when wet.
Each portable tank must be made of stainless steel, except that steel other than stainless steel may be used in accordance with the provisions of 173.24b(b) of this subchapter. Thickness of stainless steel for portable tank shells and heads must be the greater of 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) or the thickness required for a portable tank with a design pressure at least equal to 1.3 times the vapor pressure of the hazardous material at 46 °C (115 °F).
Stowage category “D” means the material must be stowed “on deck only” on a cargo vessel or on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length, but the material is prohibited on a passenger vessel in which the limiting number of passengers is exceeded.
Packages with POISON or POISON INHALATION HAZARD labels, or a POISON label displaying “PG III,” or “PG III” marked next to a POISON label may not be transported with foodstuffs, feed or any other edible material, intended for humans or animals. For exceptions see 49 CFR §177.841(e).
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